ClickHouse安裝步驟

背景

經(jīng)過研究ClickHouse是列式數(shù)據(jù)庫，下面是在Centos7.9版本單機(jī)版的安裝的演示

安裝

首先安裝yum-utils工具包

sudo yum install -y yum-utils

導(dǎo)入鏡像源

sudo rpm --import https://repo.clickhouse.tech/CLICKHOUSE-KEY.GPG
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://repo.clickhouse.tech/rpm/clickhouse.repo

安裝客戶端和服務(wù)端

sudo yum install -y clickhouse-server clickhouse-client

啟動(dòng)

啟動(dòng)客戶端

[root@WDQCVM ~]# sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server startchown -R clickhouse: '/var/run/clickhouse-server/'
Will run sudo -u 'clickhouse' /usr/bin/clickhouse-server --config-file /etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml --pid-file /var/run/clickhouse-server/clickhouse-server.pid --daemon
Waiting for server to start
Waiting for server to start
Server started

客戶端無密碼登錄

[root@WDQCVM ~]#  clickhouse-client
ClickHouse client version 23.7.4.5 (official build).
Connecting to localhost:9000 as user default.
Connected to ClickHouse server version 23.7.4 revision 54465.Warnings:* Linux transparent hugepages are set to "always". Check /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled* Maximum number of threads is lower than 30000. There could be problems with handling a lot of simultaneous queries.WDQCVM :) 
WDQCVM :) show databases;SHOW DATABASESQuery id: d5496232-585d-4439-ba57-1975132bd73f┌─name───────────────┐
│ INFORMATION_SCHEMA │
│ default            │
│ information_schema │
│ system             │
└────────────────────┘4 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.013 sec. WDQCVM :) 

用戶相關(guān)

修改密碼

隨機(jī)生成密碼

[root@WDQCVM ~]# PASSWORD=$(base64 < /dev/urandom | head -c14); echo "$PASSWORD"; echo -n "$PASSWORD" | sha256sum | tr -d '-'
# 明文
7Gk+4fSe6gYzB9
# 密文
3facce93a682bb4abffe75498f3ad8af29eeac99e4575f6cce03556e908bf358  

密碼支持 明文、password_sha256_hex、ldap配置，選擇一個(gè)即可

修改密碼

vim /etc/clickhouse-server/users.xml
# 找到16     <!-- Users and ACL. -->17     <users>18         <!-- If user name was not specified, 'default' user is used. -->19         <default>20          ……55             <password></password># 將第55行換成password_sha256_hex，下面的是密文<password_sha256_hex>3facce93a682bb4abffe75498f3ad8af29eeac99e4575f6cce03556e908bf358</password_sha256_hex>
# 替換后是這樣的54             -->55             <password_sha256_hex>3facce93a682bb4abffe75498f3ad8af29eeac99e4575f6cce03556e908bf358</password_sha256_hex>56      

修改完即可生效，需要輸入密碼了

[root@WDQCVM ~]# clickhouse-client
ClickHouse client version 23.7.4.5 (official build).
Connecting to localhost:9000 as user default.
Password for user (default): 

登錄驗(yàn)證

輸入密碼直接登錄

clickhouse-client -h ip地址 -d 數(shù)據(jù)庫 -m -u 用戶名 --password 明文密碼

[root@WDQCVM ~]# clickhouse-client -h 127.0.0.1 -d default -m -u default --password '7Gk+4fSe6gYzB9'
ClickHouse client version 23.7.4.5 (official build).
Connecting to database default at 127.0.0.1:9000 as user default.
Connected to ClickHouse server version 23.7.4 revision 54465.Warnings:* Linux transparent hugepages are set to "always". Check /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled* Maximum number of threads is lower than 30000. There could be problems with handling a lot of simultaneous queries.WDQCVM :) 

新增用戶

在users標(biāo)簽中進(jìn)行新增

<users><user><name>darren</name>            <password_sha256_hex>3facce93a682bb4abffe75498f3ad8af29eeac99e4575f6cce03556e908bf358</password_sha256_hex><profile>default</profile></user>
</users>

config配置文件

常用的配置在此文件
如日志級(jí)別、日志路徑
端口設(shè)置
最大內(nèi)存、緩存、存放路徑
時(shí)區(qū)
IP訪問限制
心跳等都在此文件中配置

下面是不限制IP訪問的配置方法

[root@WDQCVM clickhouse-server]# vim /etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml<!-- Same for hosts without support for IPv6: --># 將這個(gè)本來注釋的放開，即可其他機(jī)器也能訪問<listen_host>0.0.0.0</listen_host>

基本操作

創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫

# 查看有多少數(shù)據(jù)庫
WDQCVM :) show databases;SHOW DATABASESQuery id: 75256e46-2bae-45e8-b438-5d1b60d04403┌─name───────────────┐
│ INFORMATION_SCHEMA │
│ default            │
│ information_schema │
│ system             │
└────────────────────┘4 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.012 sec. 
# 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫
WDQCVM :) CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS darren;CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS darrenQuery id: d42bf64d-edfb-4853-b2c6-7e54cd8876ebOk.0 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.029 sec. 
# 切換數(shù)據(jù)庫
WDQCVM :) use darren;USE darrenQuery id: c35e2a42-869c-46f0-83a1-3bc78f96323bOk.0 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.006 sec. WDQCVM :) 

以上用法和MySQL沒有什么差別，可以說學(xué)習(xí)成本降低了不少。

服務(wù)管理

上文我們啟動(dòng)了，則需使用對(duì)應(yīng)的停止命令將其停止后才能

# 啟動(dòng)
sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start# 停止
sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server stop

啟動(dòng)、狀態(tài)、停止、重啟、開機(jī)啟動(dòng)

sudo systemctl start clickhouse-server
sudo systemctl status clickhouse-server
sudo systemctl stop clickhouse-server
sudo systemctl restart clickhouse-server
sudo systemctl enable clickhouse-server

使用客戶端連接端口為

• 8123: http端口、程序調(diào)用，網(wǎng)站訪問可以使用，這是 ClickHouse 提供的主要查詢接口之一。
• 9000: TCP端口、clickhouse-client使用9000，原生查詢端口可能更高效，適用于一些需要更快速查詢性能的場(chǎng)景。
• 9004: TCP 端口 9004： 這是 ClickHouse 的 Replicated 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸端口。在 ClickHouse 的數(shù)據(jù)復(fù)制和冗余設(shè)置中，節(jié)點(diǎn)之間會(huì)使用此端口進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)同步和傳輸。
• 9009: 這是 ClickHouse 的原生 TCP 管理接口端口。該端口與 ClickHouse 進(jìn)行管理和控制，如執(zhí)行重載配置、查看狀態(tài)、執(zhí)行查詢分析等。

參考clickhouse 一（centos7安裝clickhouse，設(shè)置用戶名密碼）